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Non-Equivalence Caused by Culture-Specific ConceptsNowadays, translation plays an important role in the process of the globalization that is not only conveying the meaning of languages but also a bridge connecting countries and their culture together. Translations have to improve their professional knowledge and learn about other culture as well. However, translators usually cope with non-equivalence at word level caused by culture-specific concept. There are even many words that are so closely connected with or influenced by a particular culture that they do not have an equivalent in any other language. After dealing with the difficulties implied in the lack of equivalence at word level, Baker (1992, p. 26-42) proposes nine strategies to solve non-equivalence at word level. According to Pham Thanh Binh (2010), when applying to English – Vietnamese circumstance, there are 8 in 9 strategies is suitable. The first method is translation by a more specific word in which a more specific word is used to translate an English word into |
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Short Story - The Tale of RythianA man, a boy, and a girl were walking down a path they had lost track of time completely decided to camp under a giant tree for the night the boy his is the young prince Rythian and with him is Sir Ezio the commander of the Templar knights and the young girl her name was Jasmine and she was born in the city of Hydrax but cast out into the woods as a child and she grew up living off of the land. the princes father brought the land back from the edge off civil war and brought peace to the land but the king has been murdered by the kings high priest who turns out to be the leader of the order of the Demiurge and as they went to murder Rythian in his sleep they found him to be on his balcony looking at the stars "good evening my prince aren't the stars lovely tonight" said the priest "yes but their beauty is nothing but a shadow compared to the beauty of Jasmine" said Rythian, "Oh ok.. wait who is Jasmine my prince?" asked the priest curiously. "She is my love, my gem, my queen she is that |
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Short Story - An Important DecisionSitting in the café at 3a.m. wasn't my usual thing. At this time I'd usually be in bed, fast asleep, oblivious to what's going on around me, in a dream world. Cup of coffee in hand I'm impatiently awaiting the girl to return from the rest room. I wonder what it is that was going to happen to Kate. About 5 minutes after we had sat down she told me she had an important call to make. This girl was strange. Not like anyone I had ever met beforehand. She was mysterious, she had a strange glow that just made me want to know more. Who was she? What was she planning? She didn't talk much. I see her opening the door of the rest room . Still looking at her phone, her hair carelessly falling on her shoulders. Clearly she had been out before we met. She sits down opposite of me and puts her phone face down on the table. Eagerly, she pulls her plate closer, grabs a fork and starts eating her cake slice. No words are spoken. All she does is look at me, no words at |
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Van Gogh: Comparison of Three PaintingsBy looking at three Van Gogh's artworks named "The Potato Eaters," "Sower at Sunset," and "Starry Night," it can be seen how Van Gogh's technique blossomed from a dark bud to a bright flower. These paintings were made at different times. As a result, they have different styles which make them have more differences than similarities. The painting "The Potato Eaters" was made in 1885 and is considered to be Van Gogh's first major artwork. He wanted to depict peasants and their lives truthfully. The painting shows few people – four are female and one is male – sitting around the table at dinner. On the right side, there is a woman pouring coffee and she seems to be the eldest among everybody. She is dressed in dark green clothing and is wearing white cap. On the left, there is a man who is dressed in a dark blue shirt and brown pants. He is taking the potatoes by the fork from a deep dish of potatoes. He is looking at the |
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Insanity in One Flew Over The Cuckoo's NestThis novel presents the reader with, at the beginning at least, a clear line that is drawn between those who are "sane" and those who are "insane." However, what happens as the novel begins to progress, especially with the introduction of McMurphy into the asylum, is that these supposedly secure and discrete categories become gradually more and more confused and blurred so that terms such as "sane" and "insane" lose their meaning and it becomes very difficult to determine what importance these terms actually have any more. An example of this is when McMurphy leads the patients in watching the TV even though he knows Nurse Ratched had turned it off: And we're all sitting there lined up in front of that blanked-out TV set, watching the gray screen just like we could see the baseball game clear as day, and she's ranting and screaming behind us. If somebody would of come in and took a look, men watching a blank |
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The Great Gatsby and the Valley of AshesThis is a valley of ashes--a fantastic farm where ashes grow like wheat into ridges and hills and grotesque gardens; where ashes take the forms of houses and chimneys and rising smoke and, finally, with a transcendent effort, of men who move dimly and already crumbling through the powdery air. Occasionally a line of gray cars crawls along an invisible track, gives out a ghastly creak, and comes to rest, and immediately the ash-gray men swarm up with leaden spades and stir up an impenetrable cloud, which screens their obscure operations from your sight. (Fitzgerald 27) The valley of ashes mentioned in this quote from the novel The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald refers to a long stretch of land between West Egg and New York, which is soiled by the dumping of industrial ashes. The valley of ashes symbolizes the moral and social decay that results from the pursuit of wealth. The rich have misguided values and have no regard for the less fortunate; and the poor who live among the ashe |
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Wind and Solar Power SystemsOn a national and global scale, humans have developed growing and life threatening addiction to energy in order to provide electricity and heat. As a potential solution, natural gas is highly abundant throughout the world and can help nations like the United States become less dependent on fossil fuels. Despite relentless talks of a global energy addiction, it seems that too few of actions are actually being taken toward weaning the world off of its fossil-fuel addictions. The questions involve how we interpret the term "energy crisis". Two essential questions are, Is the energy crisis really the environmental issue of safer and healthier means of mining and utilizing energy resources and how has energy crisis affected us now as well as has it been predicted to occur in the future at our global rate of resource consumption? The true energy crisis is that of an ecologically sane and stable means of obtaining sufficient energy without destroying our environment. The energy |
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Adam, Eve and the Act of DisobedienceWho is to blame for the fall of Mankind? Satan is the primary scapegoat, as he was the one who seduced Eve into taking the fruit from the Forbidden Tree of Knowledge. But could Eve not have easily refused to give in to temptation? Could Adam not have done the same? And what of all-knowing and all-knowing God, the Creator of all things? Is he not the root of Man's downfall? In John Milton's Paradise Lost, the epic poet explores the source of "Man's First disobedience." Looking at the dialogues and narrative in specifically Book I and Book IV, we see that the one to blame is ambiguous. However, Milton fleshes out the uncanny parallels between Satan and Man as well as the intriguing connection between Satan and Eve. Looking at the similarities, we can better understand why Satan chose Eve as the first Man to tempt. Furthermore, It is through the parallels between Satan and Man that that the real source is revealed. During the time period in which Paradise Lost w |
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The Gaza War: Israeli-Palestinian CrisisThe Gaza Israel latest crisis is part of a broad and wide intractable conflict existed since 1948 between Palestinians and Israel over land, resources and identity. A chain of events that took place between June and August 2014 were characterized by high escalation of anger and hatred between both sides, which led to the deaths of over 2000 people. I would like to use these four theories and try to explain the events through them: The Threat Narrative, The Appraisal Theory, The Frustration Aggression and The Intergroup Emotions. I would like to demonstrate through them how the media and politicians used threat narratives to manipulate the emotions of their people; and, also how people's frustrations and strong group emotions have led them to support the daily violent attacks against each other, and even justifying the killing of the each other. On June 12, 3 Israeli teenagers were kidnapped and murdered by Palestinian militants of unknown identity. Immediately following the kidn |
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Marijuana Legalization: Is it Right for America?With the decision in Colorado to legalize marijuana not only for medical use, but for recreational use as well and Washington State considering the same, the question arises: Is marijuana legalization right for America? My own view is that in the case of a medical necessity, possibly, if there are no other alternatives, but in the case of recreational use absolutely not. This paper will weigh the pros and cons on each side of this debate and show that although there may be some benefit to legalization, the negative repercussions far outweigh those benefits. One of the premises that advocates for legalization try to make is that it would lessen crime on the streets. Their way of thinking on this is similar to the economic theory of supply and demand. If the supply of a good or service is increased then the demand goes down, resulting in a lower cost for the consumer. Their logic is to make marijuana readily available by legalizing it, which will result in both a price drop as well as a |
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Ancestral Redemption in Literature"When parents eat unripe grapes, the children's teeth suffer"(Ezek. 18.21). In Romeo and Juliet, Wuthering Heights, The Count of Monte Cristo, and Tale of Two Cities, a recurring theme is how children act as "agents of redemption" for their parents. These books not only explore the theme of "Sins of the Father," how the younger generation "has to pay" for the actions of the older generation, but they also look at how the younger generation can act as a means of salvation for their parents. In William Shakespeare's brilliant tragedy Romeo and Juliet, the title characters Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet redeem the mistakes of their families and end a centuries-old feud between their families. The play begins with the Chorus saying, "Two households, both alike in dignityFrom ancient grudge break to new mutinyWhich, but their children's end, naught could remove"(Pro.1-112). Shakespeare deliberately does not begin the play |
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From Resistance to RevolutionThe period preceding the American Revolution offered us real causes for the American Revolutionary War and its independence. There was not only colonists' effort that contributed to the establishment of United States as a separate nation from Great Britain, there was also British influence existed and contributed equally much to it. So, it could even be said that Great Britain was responsible for the American Revolution and its outcome. Mob action in North American colonies, one of the most important factors especially in the earlier Revolution phrase, was a long-time tradition adopted from its mother country, Great Britain, where it was very common especially during the 17th and the 18th Century. In England, there were several traditional and customary roles of mob. First, it served as a complement to the existing system rather than a replacement to it; its role was to fight for interests for people when no alternative was available. Maier stated that "Uprisings over local i |
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The Tyger and The LambBefore we jump into the 'The Tyger' and 'The Lamb,' let's discuss the larger bodies of work the poems belong to. In 1789, William Blake printed a collection of nineteen poems called "Songs of Innocence" (which contained 'The Lamb'). Five years later, in 1794, Blake printed a collection of twenty-six poems entitled "Songs of Experience" (which contained 'The Tyger'). After this, the two volumes were published together as a collection called "Songs of Innocence and of Experience: Shewing the Two Contrary States of the Human Soul". The title encourages us to consider the 'contrary states' of innocence and experience as we read the poems in both collections. Through a cycle of unanswered questions, Blake motivates the readers to question God. These two poems are meant to be interpreted in a comparison and contrast. 'The Lamb' and 'The Tyger' share two different perspectives representing an innocent and an experienced view of creation and |
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Models, Photoshop and RealityOn the television shows' commercials, magazines, billboards, and other forms of advertisements, the models are different than what you see walking on the sidewalk, driving in the car next to yours, and sitting in class with you. The models do not look average, or ordinary. This is because the models have a Hollywood or ideal beauty to them, meaning that their beauty is forged from Photoshopping, plastic surgery, makeup, and/or eating disorders. Hollywood, or ideal beauty, is the beauty that the celebrities and models have believed to be beautiful – through plastic surgery, diets, etc. – but is not naturally possible. These idealized models and celebrities are not considered average among the American population, because the average person cannot relate to the models and celebrities due to their appearance from surgeries and extreme diets. Also, advertisement in the United States is not regulated as strongly as it could be, which leads advertisement companies to mislead |
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Research Paper - Fast Food CultureAfter decades of transformation and evolution, fast food has become a necessity in America. The American fast food industry has grown immensely and at such a rapid pace that we are known world-wide for it. Because of its massive growth America has received the infamous name of "Fast Food Nation", provided by an investigative journalist named Eric Schlosser, who not only exposed the unsanitary and discriminatory practices of the fast food industry, but also revealed how the fast food industry has shaped and defined society in America and other nations as the fast food culture spreads globally. I believe Schlosser said it best, "A nation's diet can be more revealing than its art or literature." (Fast Food Nation. 3). In what ways has the culture of the U.S. been affected by fast food? Fast food has been a part of American culture and history for years. Since the 1970s, the amount of fast food restaurants in business have doubled. (Schlosser). Americans as a whol |
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Analysis of The World Bank GroupIt is impossible to deny that in the last century, more improvement has been made to reduce poverty and raise living standards than during any other period in history. Most developing countries hold life expectancies of 55 to 64 years. Furthermore, Income per person has doubled and Infant Mortality has been reduced by 50 percent. Despite the successes, massive development challenges remain. Three billion people live on less than 2 dollars a day and 1.3 billion live on less than one dollar a day. Over 50,000 people die each day from preventable disease. 130 million never have the chance to go to school and 1.3 billion do not have safe drinking water. Allowing poverty to increase in developing countries adversely affects established nations as markets and investments opportunities shrink, the environment is damaged and people migrate in search of work and higher incomes. The World Bank was created with the mission to help countries strengthen and sustain the fundamental conditions they |
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Ai Weiwei - Chinese Contemporary ArtistAi Weiwei is a Chinese contemporary artist and activist who was born in Beijing on August 28th 1957. His father, Ai Qing, was one of the finest modern Chinese poets who was known under the pen names Linbi, Kea and Ejia Ai Qing passed away on May 5, 1996. Weiwei's mother Gao Ying was born in 1931 and continues to this day to be one of her sons most vocal supporters. She was the third wife of his father and worked at China's Writer's Association.(4) Weiwei also has a sister, Gao Ge and half-brother Ai Xuan, who is also a painter.(1) His wife, also an artist is Lu Qing with whom he has a son, Lao Ai. Weiwei has been accused of bigamy and fathering a child out of wedlock.(5) Shortly after Weiwei was born Chinese communist officials accused Ai Qing of being a rightest and exiled the family to remote locales, first to the Northeastern province of Heilongjiang and then to the northwestern autonomous region of Xinjiang. They were allowed to return to Beijing in 1976, at the e |
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Ogden Nash Poetry Comparison EssayThe poems, "Complaint to Four Angels" and "Man Bites Dog-Days," by Ogden Nash are both affectionate vignettes of the American life and domestic routines that evocatively captures their respective states. While "Complaint to Four Angels" has a bedroom setting and focuses on the difficulty of falling asleep, "Man Bites Dog-Days" highlights the cynical tone towards the season of summer. Despite the differences in texts, however, Nash creates humor in his mundane-themed poetry by using literary features which gives a playful aspect and entertainment for the audience. Thus, it is essential to explore how the light verse and humor in Nash's poetry reflects and contributes to the everyday lifestyle of American society. Humor within the two poems is formed by using an adventurous rhyming scheme, archaic diction, and imagery to further establish Nash's light poetry. "Complaint to Four Angels" has a title that sounds sophisticated as |
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The Lady of Shalott by Alfred Lord TennysonThe Lady of Shalott by Alfred Lord Tennyson tells of a woman cut off from society and human interactions - the simplicities of life. A feminist reading can be applied to this poem, as Tennyson explores ideas of deprivation, passivity and male dominance through diction, symbolism and characterisation. Male dominance is a prominent ideas conveyed in this poem. The Lady's isolation, caused by a curse, very much oppresses females of the Victorian Era. "She has heard a whisper say, "A curse is on her if she stay" (Line 48-49). The Lady is representative of the woman figure in the Victorian Era, while the curse maybe seen as the man of these times. The woman is oppressed and silenced by the man, he achieve this through the Lady's lack of knowledge – "She knows not what the curse maybe" (line 51)- as knowledge maybe perceived as power. "She hath no loyal knight and true" (line 71). In the Victorian Era, it is clear the male figure is of upmost significance and as a result the need to mention, "she hath no loyal knight." is established. Again the |
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Family in The One Day of the YearTraditional family ideals, including ones of the 1950's Australia, dictate the expected roles of different family members. However, this expectation is not assumed in all family dynamics. Alan Seymour's The One Day the Year (1958), explores the notion of stereotypical family roles in relation to the represented family in the drama. Hughie, arguably both an antagonist and a protagonist, is the educated son of ex war veteran Alf Cook. Due to a vast range of factors, Hughie becomes liberated and thus begins the deterioration of the traditional family stance. Seymour represents this challenging of established family dynamics through the concepts of educational background, Australian cultural identity and generational differences. Throughout the drama, all Seymour's characters discard this notion of traditional family roles with one possible exception in Hughie's mother, Dot. Seymour conveys these ideas through the employment of a range of dramatic techniques including s |
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The Poetry of T.S. EliotPoetry is essentially derived from the manifesto of ideas, emotion and theories we hold as important. Moreover, symbolism, the representation of an idea through an object or person, can be used to condense the ideologies and perspectives of a specific society or individual into a poem. T.S. Eliot in "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" (1910-1911) and "Portrait of a Lady" (1910 - 1915) endeavours to compact the understandings and values of the early 20th century Western society - such as femininity, spiritual and social anxiety - in his poetry through an extensive use of symbolism. Both poems were written at the height of Modernism, a time characterised by contradiction and eclecticism. "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" is a dramatic monologue of an eponymous persona, who is greatly concerned with the way he is presented in terms of how he fits in with the expectations concerning masculinity in the Anglo-American society of 1910. We learn, by the end |
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Hirst and Ducahamp: Art that ShocksArtists represent their ideas in artworks to translate their interpretation of thought into tangible form. By exploring their concepts through mediums, they are able to convert these designs into material model. The process of art making by an artist begins with the question, "What should I create?". The idea explored is then held valuable in considering how the concept will be portrayed in the art world. This is formed through investigating different purposes such as motivations, incentives, rationales and intentions-the ideas behind the art. Two artists which have succeeded in representing their artworks and ideas throughout the art world by testing boundaries and thinking outside of the box, are Marcel Duchamp and Damien Hirst. Marcel Ducahamp's art works achieve the representation of his ideas as he is an established Dadaist artist, which means his works have the intent to oppose all the norms of bourgeois culture and art forms, making dada, anti-dada. The movemen |
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Robin Williams - A Comedian at HeartWell-known actor and celebrity, Robin Williams, portrayed the roles of countless characters and television personalities touching the lives of thousands, while also leaving his mark on the film industry. Although, stepping outside of his fame, Robin Williams paid a great deal of dues by being interactive and involved in numerous charities and event fundraisers for various causes. The famous comedian, first stepped foot into improvisational style comedy, as a stand-up comedian, debuting on the four season hit television series, Happy Days. Williams' portrayed "a string of successful film roles over the years, show casing his stellar comedic talents as well as his ability to take on serious work" ("Robin McLaurin Williams"). A handful of Williams' characters have greatly altered and changed the stiff perspectives of hundreds on assorted subjects affecting our culture indefinitely. In 1978's production of, Good Morning Vietnam, based on a true story, W |
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Poem Analysis - Theme For English BIn Langston Hughes, "Theme For English B," I intend to argue that the character throughout the poem is trying to find identity and purpose, and this is done through symbolism, imagery, and diction. The poem begins with the instructor giving the class the assignment of writing a paper and asking that what they write comes from within them and only then it'll be truethis is immediately followed by the characters line, "I wonder if its that simple?" The character has doubts of what is asked of him, feeling what his, "truth," is will not be accepted, having grown a man with different background. "I am twenty-two, colored, born in Winston-Salem. I went to school there, then Durham, then here to this college on the hill above Harlem," (3). In this line we see our character telling the reader of his journey, moving from Historically poor Winston-Salem, to Durham where he attended school, which is an area of fine schools, already showing the reader |
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Chicano Student Movement in East Los AngelesThe East Los Angeles Walkouts or Chicano Blowouts were a series of 1968 protests against unequal conditions in Los Angeles Unified School District high schools. While the students who organized and carried out the protests were primarily concerned with the quality of their education, they were also motivated by the high minority death toll in the Vietnam War and the ongoing civil rights campaigns of the Chicano Movement. The Chicano Student Movement was the part of the Mexican American Civil Rights Movement that focused on educational equality. Chicano students believed that "Education is not a privilege, it's a right." East Los Angeles had been home to Mexicans since the establishment of Mission San Gabriel Arcángel in 1781. With the dawn of the American era, they found themselves restricted to the East side, and other non-Anglo ethnicities were segregated here as well. As a result, East Los Angelinos never received the same level of government services as did thei |
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